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It's a widespread disease, affecting twice as many women.
Depression is a mental illness characterized by, among other things, morbid thoughts, sadness, eating and sleeping disorders, loss of pleasure and interest, low self-esteem and marked anxiety. In the most severe cases, it can lead to suicide.
It can last anywhere from a few weeks to several months. Depression therefore differs from temporary low mood in that it has a deeper, longer-lasting effect on mood, but also on the body, causing back, head or stomach aches and weakening the immune system. Depression is chronic in 50% of cases (a period of depression lasting several years, according to the French Ministry of Health).
This disease therefore corresponds to precise diagnostic criteria, and is considered by the WHO to be the world's second leading cause of disability after cardiovascular disorders[1]. It generally affects women twice as often as men.
They can be :
In the case of mild depression, psychotherapeutic support will suffice. In more severe cases (numerous, intense and long-lasting symptoms), the depression will need to be treated with medication and therapy. However, antidepressants are not without their side-effects*, to varying degrees, which is why alternatives are being sought[2].
* Headache, dizziness, dry mouth, weakness, constipation, dizziness, loss or gain of weight and appetite, sexual dysfunction.
CBD is one of the many cannabinoids found in the hemp plant. It is a molecule with no psychotropic effects. Cannabidiol acts on the endocannabinoid system, which is made up of neurotransmitters found throughout the body. This system is fundamental to the proper functioning of several vital functions, including mood and sleep.
CBD will interact directly with cannabinoid neurotransmitters and, in the case of depression in particular, increase the activity of serotonin[3](5-HT1A) receptors. The increase in serotonin will produce a calming and soothing effect.
The effect of CBD can also be accompanied by relaxing practices that promote mental and physical well-being, such as yoga and mediation.
In a 2016 study conducted by researchers at the University of Colorado[4], it was reported that cannabidiol, in relatively large doses (25mg per day, in this case), has an antidepressant effect. In this clinical trial, CBD in oil form was substituted for a well-known antidepressant: imipramine (LAROXYL), and no side effects were observed with CBD.
Another more recent study (2018)[5], goes in the same direction, reaffirming CBD's antidepressant effects, and even suggests that CBD activates mechanisms that repair neural circuits in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus (a brain region known to act on mood).
The study includes no fewer than 6 pre-clinical experiments on rats and mice, but fully demonstrates the therapeutic potential of CBD in humans.
> In these experiments, CBD was found to increase the density of the prefrontal cortex after just 30 min. These tests established the efficacy of Cannabidiol as early as 7 days.
This should be seen in the context of the time it takes for symptoms to improve with antidepressant medication, which lasts between 3 and 4 weeks. *
The study also points out that "currently available antidepressants have a long time to induce a therapeutic response and a relatively low efficacy".
Finally, the study concludes that " the results indicate that CBD induces a rapid and also long-lasting antidepressant-like effect ".
* According to INSERM
! WARNING!
Although CBD appears to offer certain advantages over antidepressants, it cannot replace them. Never stop taking any prescribed medication, especially antidepressants, without talking to your doctor first (stopping them abruptly can have serious side effects).
According to some studies, CBD also has beneficial effects on disorders accompanying depression:
We're talking here about the only effects that interest the article, but these aren't the only facts about CBD, and some of them are quite astonishing!
One of the most effective ways to take CBD is in oil form. Assimilation of cannabidiol is rapid, taking around 20 minutes, and very effective: a large proportion of CBD will interact with your endocannabinoid system. Simply place a few drops directly under the tongue for 30 seconds to 1 minute.
Even if CBD is free of side effects, it's important to start with the lowest dose, as each person will react differently to this molecule, depending on their build, age and many other criteria.
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